Primary Definition: Carbon utilization is the use of CO2 as a feedstock for industrial or chemical processes, directly at concentrations above atmospheric levels, to produce valuable carbon-containing products [1]. Secondary Definition: Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) differs from carbon capture and storage (CCS) in that it does not aim for permanent lipid storage of carbon […]

Primary Definition: Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a technology that captures up to 90% of the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions generated by using fossil fuels in power generation and industrial processes to prevent carbon dioxide from entering the atmosphere [1]. Secondary Definition: The goal of CCS is to prevent the release of large amounts […]

Primary Definition: Bioventing is a means of in-situ bioremediation through enhancing biodegradation by providing air to the existing microorganisms in the soil Secondary Definition: Bioventing is derived by combining the two words: 1. Bio- referring to biological process of breakdown with the help of microorganisms 2. Vent- spaces that allow air to pass As air […]

 Primary Definition: Biosparging is an in situ remediation technique that supplies oxygen and nutrients (if needed) to contaminated soils to promote aerobic biodegradation of contaminants by indigenous microorganisms [1]. Secondary Definition: Microorganisms are ideally suited to the task of contaminant destruction because they possess enzymes that allow them to use environmental contaminants as food and […]

Primary Definition: NBC filtration System stands for Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Filtration System, which provides clean filtered fresh air from NBC contaminates in an overpressure citadel or military bunkers[1]. Secondary Definition: The NBC filtration system is for purifying air contaminated by NBC agents for supply to persons inside a shelter, vehicle, or aircraft. More specifically, […]

Primary Definition: Fine dust filtration removes particulate matter by using particle-filter interaction of several mechanisms including inert force, interception, impaction, and diffusion [1]. Secondary Definition: Fine dust filtration allows fine dusts to be accumulated on the outside surface of the filter and to be released into the atmosphere through the filter or recirculated into the […]

Primary Definition: Air filtration is the most widely used technique for removing particles from airflow due to relative degrading enzymes and flexibility. Both fabric and fiber filters are used for airborne particle control[1]. Secondary Definition: Air filtering provides a means to achieve the level of particulate cleanliness required by any definition of “air conditioning” [2]. […]